中美两国发展水平与潜力比较研究

Comparison on Developmental Levels and Potentials between China and the United States

2013年,中国GDP为94946亿美元,相当于同年美国的56.6%;人均国民收入6560美元,相当于同年美国的12.2%。从发展阶段、人均国民收入、国民财富存量、经济结构、科技教育、研发创新、生产率、企业竞争力和可持续发展能力等方面看,中国经济与美国还有很大差距。本文对中美两国发展水平与潜力进行多维度比较研究,深化对中国现阶段国情特别是经济现状的认识,深入分析美国经济各个方面的现状和发展趋势,回答中国如何在综合国力的竞争中缩小同美国的差距。美国经济在全球份额虽然相对下降,仍将是21世纪最重要的全球性大国,中国经济实力、发展水平同美国相比还有很大差距,但经济规模将超过美国。中国未来仍有巨大发展潜力,今后的发展成就将会更加辉煌。中美双边经贸合作对于全球经济增长处于举足轻重的地位,如果中美对抗,冲突将给中美两国以及全世界带来巨大灾难。

There are still huge economic gaps between China and the United States in many aspects, such as development stage, national income per capita, economic structure, R&D innovation, productivity, enterprise competitiveness, and sustainable development capacity. This article tries to answer that what we could do to narrowthegap between Chinaand the United Statesin thecompetition of comprehensivestrength, by making a comprehensive in- depth study on the developmental levels and potentials of the two countries, deepening our understanding to China's present conditions, especially economic situation, analyzing deeply the overall current situation of the U.S. economy and development trends, and making a comparison on developmental levels and potentials between the two countries. The United States will remain the foremost global power in the 21 st century. Though still lagging far behind the United States on economic strength and developmental level, Chinahasgreat potential tocatch up with the United Statesin thesizeof theeconomy in future.