隆昌县2011～2013年5岁以下儿童手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in children under 5 years old in Longchang county from 2011 to 2013

目的：分析隆昌县2011～2013年手足口病易感人群（5以下岁儿童）的分布规律，为手足口病重点防控提供依据。方法利用描述性流行病学研究方法对2011～2013年5岁以下儿童手足口病监测数据、肠道病毒核酸检测结果等资料进行分析。结果2011～2013年隆昌县5岁以下儿童手足口病报道例数为600例，占该地区该病例总数的93.3%（600/643），年均发病率达510/10万；1～〈2岁年龄组人群的发病率最高（34.5%），4～〈5岁年龄组人群的发病率最低（4.5%）；男童年均发病率（610/10万）高于女童（410/10万），差异有统计学意义（χ^2=39.42，P〈0.01）；2011～2013年每年各月均有发病，5月和12月为发病高峰；隆昌县发病率最高的是金鹅镇（县城）（186例），最低是李市镇（5例）；肠道病毒核酸检测显示以肠道病毒71感染为主（46.5%）。结论隆昌县5岁以下儿童手足口病的流行特征具有明显的人群、地区、季节性，应针对重点人群采取积极防控措施，加强对手足口病患儿的及时识别和重症病例的救治。

Objective It is analyzed the distribution rules of the hand-foot-mouth disease susceptibles （children aged 5 or below） in Longchang county from 2011 to 2013 to provide reference for preventing hand-foot-mouth disease especially. Meth-ods A descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the monitoring data and intestinal virus nucleic acid detection results of hand-foot-mouth disease children under 5 years old from 2011 to 2013. Results A total of 600 children patients under 5 years old with hand-foot-mouth disease in Longchang county from 2011 to 2013,accounting for 93.3%（600/643） of the total patients in this region with the average morbidity reaching 510/100 ,000. The incidence in the group aged 1-〈2 years old was the highest , ac-counting for 34.5%while the incidence in the group aged 4-〈5 years old was lowest ,accounting for 4.5%. The prevalence of the male was higher than that of the female （610/100,000 vs 410/100,000）. The difference had statistical significance （χ^2=39.42,P〈0.01）.There were patients reported each month from 2011 to 2013,in which,May and December were the peak period. The high est region in Longchang county was Jin′e township（186）,the lowest was Lishi township（5）. It displayed EV71 prevailed by intesti-nal virus nucleic acid,accounting for 46.5%. Conclusion The popular features of the children patients with hand-foot-mouth disease under 5 years old in Longchang county obviously were characterized in crowd ,region and season,the positive preventions and controlling measures should be taken for the key crowd and strengthen the timely identification of children with hand-foot-mouth disease and treatment of severe cases.