用于底播扇贝存量调研的水下视频装置设计与试验

Design and experiment of underwater video device for resources investigation of bottom sowing scallops

针对目前虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)海底资源存量调研方式效率低、劳动强度大、统计数据误差大、对海底破坏严重及能耗高等问题,提出将水下视频技术应用于底播扇贝资源存量调研,并设计了水下视频装置。通过海上对比试验,得出以下结论:应用水下视频装置对底播虾夷扇贝资源存量调研,优化了海上调研作业模式,用工量、劳动强度与危险强度大幅降低,且海上调研作业时间较网具捕捞调研缩短了约49.3%;海底资源存量调研数据客观真实,避免了碎贝现象,且对海底无破坏性;经济性显著,调研船舶耗油量降低了约51.2%,调研费用减少了约73.1%。同时水下视频装置所采集的视频资料,可使扇贝底播与捕捞计划更加科学合理,促进海洋渔业的可持续发展,符合绿色环保企业发展趋势。

In order to solve the problems such as low efficiency, high labor intensity, great error in the statistics, serious damage to the bottom of the sea, and high energy consumption for the current resources investigation methods for bottom sowing scallop, a new type of high-efficiency and energy-saving underwater video device was designed. In order to prove that its structure is reasonable, compared tests were conducted in Zhangzidao Island. The results showed that by equipping underwater video device, working efficiency of investigation was improved, number of workers, labor intensity and hazard level were decreased, and offshore investigation time reduced by 49. 3% compared with the traditional nets investigation method. Resources investigation data of bottom sowing scallops was objective, accurate, and no broken scallops, and non- destructive to seabed. Meanwhile, the underwater video system for scallops has significant economic benefit. According to statistics, fuel consumption of underwater video investigation and underwater video system investment costs could reduce by around 51.2% and 73. 1% respectively compared with the net fishing method. Video data collected by underwater video device can ensure the scallops bottom sowing and fishing plan more scientific and reasonable, and promote the sustainable development of marine fishery. This method meets the development needs of green industry.