白腐真菌在环境保护中应用的研究进展

The Application of White Rot Fungi in Environmental Protection

白腐真菌是生物界中一类引起木质白色腐烂的丝状真菌的总称。其菌丝能够进入树木或木材的木质细胞腔内获取营养,同时释放出酶类物质。重点介绍了:1)白腐真菌与细菌相比在降解环境污染物方面的优势:广谱性、低营养及高适应性;2)白腐真菌降解环境污染物的酶解方式;3)白腐真菌在大气、污水和土壤污染物治理中的广泛应用;4)白腐真菌在食品工业和食品检测等相关生物技术方面的使用情况;5)白腐真菌今后的研究方向。

White rot fungi are the general name of the filamentous fungi and can cause the wood white rot in the living nature.Their hyphae can stretch into trees or timber wood cell cavity to absorb nutrients, and then release enzymes. Degrading pollutants by white rot fungi is an effec- tive method with advantages of universality, low nutrition and high adaptability compared with bacteria. This paper mainly introduces the mode of enzyme degradation and extensive application in environmental protection such as in the pollution of the atmosphere, sewage and soil. In addition,the white rot fungi also has a wide range of applications in food testing and other biological technology. The ending in this paper points out that research direction on the white rot fungi in the future.