血液标本错误的原因分析及其防范措施

Cause analysis and preventive measures for blood sample errors

目的：探讨输血过程中出现抽取血型标本与患者血型不符的原因以及防范措施。方法回顾性分析与研究郑州市20所医院输血科2008-2012年间发生的抽取血型与患者所需血型不相符的事例，分析输血错误的原因。结果血液标本不符49．6％，取血和输注错误31．2％，仅输注错误15.2％，干细胞移植后血型改变4．0％，导致血液标本错误的原因主要有血液中心或者血站提供的血液与标识血型不符16.13％、用血申请单填写错误20．97％、检验血型错6．45％、血液标本取错29．03％、血液标本标签贴错27.42％。结论为确保临床用血安全，必须采取防范措施坚决杜绝血液标本错误的发生。

Objective To study the reason and preventive measures of inconformity of the extraction appeared in the process of transfusion blood specimens with the patient＇s blood type.Methods The reasons of transfusion errors why extracting required blood type was not consistent with the patient＇s blood type examplesa in Zhengzhou transfusion of hospital from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The experimental results showed that blood specimen inconformity was 49.60%,the error rate of blood extraction and blood infusion was 31.20%,infusion error only was 15.20%,blood type change after stem cell transfusion was 4.00%.Reasons of blood type change after stem cell transplantation to extract blood samples mainly included the blood center or blood did not accord with logo type blood stations provided （16.13%）,blood use application form to fill in error（20.97%）,check the wrong blood type （6.45%）,blood samples taken（29.03%）,the blood sample tag（27.42%）.Conclusion In order to ensure the safety for clinical use must adopt measures to prevent resolutely put an end to a blood transfusion errors.