山西七里峪森林群落功能多样性

Functional diversity of forest communities in Qiliyu,Shanxi

通过测定群落中植物叶干物质含量、比叶面积、叶面积、叶宽、叶长、叶厚度、高度、盖度8个功能性状,计算出功能性状距离、功能性状平均距离、功能体积、功能均匀度指数、功能分散指数、Rao二次熵指数6个功能多样性指数,对山西七里峪森林群落的功能多样性进行研究。结果表明:(1)杨桦林的功能丰富度指数普遍较高,野核桃林和辽东栎林居中,针叶林最低,说明与演替阶段有关;(2)3个功能丰富度指数均与物种丰富度、香农指数呈显著正相关;2个功能离散度也与香农指数、物种均匀度呈显著正相关,说明功能多样性的差异很大程度上是由于物种(数量上和组成上)差异所引起的;(3)根据主成分分析可知,第1主成分可看作是功能丰富度因子,第2主成分可看作是功能离散度因子,第3主成分可看作是功能均匀度因子。该结果说明三类指数内部自相关,且与其他指数相对独立。

Based on 2×2 contingency table, and by using quantitative analysis methods, this paper studied the interspecific relationships amongst 595 species pairs of the 35 dominant woody species of Sambucus williamsii community in Taiyue Mountain Nature Reserve. Variance analysis showed that the interspecific correlation of the 35 dominant populations was not significant, and that the distribution of the species was relatively independent. The χ2 test showed that amongst the 595 species pairs, 239 pairs were positively correlated, while 349 pairs were negatively correlated, and the correlation ratio was 0.68. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test showed that 174 pairs were positively correlated, while 421 pairs were negatively correlated, and the correlation ratio was 0.41. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test showed that 218 pairs were positively correlated, 377 pairs were negatively correlated, and the correlation ratio was 0.58. Compared to the χ2 test, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient tests had higher sensitivity. For vast majority of the 595 species pairs, their interspecific relationships did not reach significant levels, indicating that the S. williamsii community in Wulu Mountain Nature Reserve was of obviously secondary succession. Based on the ways of adaptation to the environment and the leading ecological factors, and facilitated by principal components analysis, the 35 dominant populations were divided into three ecological species groups.