大鸨生态生物学研究现状

Ecology and biology of Otis tarda: A review

大鸨(Otis tarda)常栖居于草原和荒漠草原上,是典型的草原鸟类。近几十年来,由于农牧业活动加剧和偷猎狩猎,大鸨分布区日益缩小,部分前分布区已消失。IUCN将其列为易危(VU)级,我国将其列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护物种。为加强该物种的保护与管理,国内外学者开展了大量的研究工作。本文综述了大鸨分布与种群数量、食性、栖息地选择、繁殖生态、迁徙、行为生态等方面的研究进展,同时提出了需要进一步深入开展的研究方向。

Great bustard （Otis tarda） is a large bird, inhabiting in the steppe and semidesert areas of Eurasia. During the last several decades, the distribution area and number of great bustard have declined drastically, and this species has disappeared in many parts of its former vast natural habitat due to the landuse changes, negative impact of land privatization, overhunting and poaching. Great bustard is ranked as a grade Ⅰ key protected wildlife species in China and defined as Vulnerable （VU） in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Scientists from different countries have conducted numerous researches and published a lot of papers devoted to great bustard’s distribution, population number, diet, habitat selection, reproduction ecology, migration, and behavior. In this paper, we review and summarize all available information for this species in order to find and suggest new, more detailed researches and directions for further investigations.