蜥蜴尾的自切及再生

Research advances in tail autotomy and regeneration of lizards

蜥蜴的尾自切作为自残行为的方式之一,是一种极端而有效的反捕食策略。其通常发生于尾部相对薄弱的位置,一般存在尾椎内自切和尾椎间自切2种方式,其中尾椎内自切为现生蜥蜴种类主要的断尾方式。蜥蜴在断尾后会通过再生机制修复损伤的尾部,因此该类群的尾自切及再生一直是生物学和生态学领域较为关注的热点话题之一。本文综述了蜥蜴尾自切及再生的研究进展,回顾了国内有关尾自切和再生研究的蜥蜴种类、影响尾自切的因素、尾自切的代价以及尾自切后再生的研究,并提出未来蜥蜴尾自切和再生研究的重点。

As one of the selfamputation behaviors, tail autotomy is an extreme and effective anti-predation strategy in many lizards. Tail autotomy takes place at preformed areas of weakness in the tail and there are two patterns of tail autotomy including intervertebral autotomy and intravertebral autotomy, and the latter is the main one. The lizards repair the tail through a regeneration mechanism after tail loss, so tail autotomy and regeneration of lizards have always occupied one of the central positions in studies of biology and ecology. Here, we summarize the research advances in tail autotomy and regeneration of lizards, paying particular attention to lizard species for which the studies on tail automoty and regeneration are available in China, influencing factors and costs of tail autotomy, and some studies of regeneration after tail autotomy. Efforts are made to point out the priority in further studies on tail autotomy and regeneration of lizards.