20世纪50年代中苏关系中的新疆问题

The Xinjiang Issue in 1950s Sino Soviet Relations

20世纪50年代初,中苏结盟,两国进入"蜜月"期。新疆因与苏联相邻,优先获得了苏联贷款和大批机器设备,并得到了苏联专家的帮助,新疆经济迅速发展,政局稳定,人民生活水平得到提高。20世纪50年代中后期,中苏之间出现分歧,苏方相继撤回专家,减少经济援助,新疆经济建设受到影响。苏联的侨民政策及苏侨遣返导致新疆出现民族分裂主义,影响了新疆社会稳定。

In the early 1950s, China and Soviet Union formed an alliance, the two countries entered a honey-moon period.Because Xinjiang was adjacent to Soviet Union, and took priority access to the loans from Soviet U-nion and a large number of machines and equipment, and got the help of the Soviet expert, Xinjinag achieved rapid economic development, political stability, people’ s living standards had improved.In mid and late 1950s, disa-greements between China and the Soviet Union emerged, the Soviet withdrew their experts, reduced the economic aid, the economic construction of Xinjiang was affected.Immigration policy of the Soviet Union and repatriation of Soviet people in China resulted in ethnic separatism and affected social stability in Xinjiang.