2011-2013年北京市海淀区猩红热流行病学特征分析

Epidemiologic features of the scarlet fever cases during 2011-2013 in Haidian district,Beijing

目的分析北京市海淀区2011-2013年猩红热流行病学特征,为做好预防控制工作提供依据。方法利用SPSS 19.0软件分析猩红热病例的人群、地区和时间分布特征。结果 2010-2013年海淀区报告现住址为本市的病例1 956例,发病率为19.61/105,以3~8岁组发病率最高,占发病总数的89.11%;男性多于女性,男女性别比为1.93∶1;职业分布特征以学生最多（占47.19%,923/1 956）,其次是托幼儿童（占44.53%,871/1 956）和散居儿童（占7.92%,155/1 956）。城区发病率均明显高于城乡结合部和乡镇。猩红热全年均有发病,存在明显的季节性,2011-2013年有春季和冬季两个高峰（3-6月份有一明显的春季高峰,11月-次年1月有一明显的冬季高峰）。结论海淀区城区3~8岁男性儿童是猩红热发病的高危人群,应在每年的发病高峰前针对高危人群提前做好宣传教育工作。

Objective Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever from 2011 to 2013 in Haidian district, to provide basis for the work of prevention and control. Methods The population distribution, endemic distribution and time distribution were analyzed for the scarlet fever cases. Results The average incidence rate of scarlet fever in Haidian district from 2010 to 2013 is 19.61/105 , the highest incidence rate was found in the age group of 3 - 8 years, accounting for 89.11% of the total number （1956 cases）. Male showed higher constituent ratio, the sex ratio is 1.93： 1. The most professional distribution are students, accounting for 47.19% （923/1 956）, the following are preschool children and scattered children, accounting for 44.53% （871/1 956） and 7.92% （155/1 956）. Incidence rate in city was higher than that in the rural-urban fringe zone and rural. Scarlet fever cases were reported throughout the whole year. It showed obvious seasonal. There were double peaks in the spring and winter from 2011 to 2013. There was a distinct peak in spring from March to June. Another peak was from November to January of the next year in winter. Conclusion 3 to 8 years old male children in Haidian district were at a high risk of suffering scarlet fever, so we should pay attention to the health education before the outbreak in the high-risk groups.