不同种植模式下丛枝菌根真菌对紫茎泽兰和黄花蒿竞争的影响

Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Competition between Eupatorium adenophorum and Artemisia annuain Different Competitive States

为研究丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)对入侵植物紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum)和土著植物黄花蒿(Artemisia annua)种间竞争的影响,以喀斯特石灰土为培养基质,在单一种植、分隔种植和混合种植3种不同竞争强度的种植模式下,对紫茎泽兰和黄花蒿进行接种和不接种AMF处理,比较二者的生长及磷营养状况,分析接种AMF对紫茎泽兰和黄花蒿竞争的影响。结果表明:与未接种相比,接种AMF提高了3种不同种植模式下紫茎泽兰、黄花蒿的生物量及磷吸收量;与单一种植相比,随竞争强度增加,紫茎泽兰对菌根依赖性降低,黄花蒿对菌根依赖性则呈现增加趋势,紫茎泽兰生物量及磷吸收量随植物间竞争增强呈现降低的趋势。对种间相对竞争能力和竞争比率的分析可以发现,接种AMF在一定程度上削弱了紫茎泽兰的竞争力,提高了黄花蒿的竞争力,对抑制紫茎泽兰的入侵和维护生态安全、环境安全方面具有重要作用。

In order to study the effect of interspeeifie competition on invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorurn and indigenous plant Arternisia annua inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Eupatoriurn adenophorum and Artemisia annua inoculated with AMF or uninoculated were cultivated in three different competitive states of monoculture, nylon mesh split and mix cropping in karst limestone soil. The biomass and phosphorus uptake of the two species were measured and relative competitive strength of the two species were evaluated. The results showed that： Two species growth and P uptake was improved compared with the non-inocu- lated treatment in three different competitive state; With the strengthen of plant inter-specific competition, the mycorrhizal depend- ency of E. adenophorum was suppressed compared with monoculture treatment in the pattern of nylon mesh split and mix cropping, hut A. annua was improved, The biomass and phosphorus uptake of E. adenophorurn varied in similarity law. Analyzing the com- petition index, inoculation with AMF could decreased the competitiveness of E. adenophorurn, and improved the competitiveness of A. annua. The inoculation with AMF has weakened the competitiveness of invasion plants on the competition between invasive plants and aboriginal plants, AMF played an important role in decreasing Eupatorium adenophorurn invasion and maintaining eco- logical security and environmental safety in the ecosystems.