武汉市江岸区新生儿出生体质量影响因素分析

Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis on the Neonatal Birth Weight in Wuhan Jiang′an

目的了解新生儿出生体质量情况及影响因素,为妇幼保健工作提供科学依据。方法对武汉市江岸区9家助产医院2013年住院分娩活产12 150例新生儿体质量及相关因素进行统计分析。结果男女性别比例1.33∶1;低出生体质量儿和巨大儿发生率分别为4.99%和6.05%;正常出生体质量儿男、女婴体质量分别为(3 294.24±343.20)g和(3 278.97±337.49)g,新生儿性别差异无统计学意义(χ2=-1.097,P>0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,早产儿比过期产儿更易发生低出生体质量儿(P<0.01);孕妇入院体质量越重,分娩巨大儿的风险就越大(P<0.01);剖宫产的胎儿发生巨大儿的概率是顺产的0.498倍。结论低出生体质量儿的发生与孕周有关;巨大儿发生与入院体质量和分娩方式有关。应重视新生儿体质量变化的研究,根据其影响因素加强孕产期系统管理,保障母婴安全。

Objectives To investigate birth weight conditions and factors in the riverbank area,and to provide a scientific basis for the work of maternal and child health.Methods 12 150 newborns from 9midwifery hospitals of the riverbank area were chose,and their weight and related factors were analyzed.Results The sex ratio was 1.33∶1.The incidences of low birth weight children and high birth weight children were 4.99% and 6.05%respectively.The average birth weights of baby boy and baby girl of normal birth weight were（3 294.24±343.20）g and（3 278.97±337.49）g respectively,and there was no significant differences（χ2=-1.097,P〈0.05）.Logistic regression showed that preterm child was more susceptible to low birth weight（P〈0.01）than expired births;the heavier weight of the puerpera,the greater risk of deliverying high birth weight child（P〈0.01）;the probability of high birth weight child for caesarean section is 0.498 times to eutocia.Conclusions The incidence of low birth weight is related with the gestational age,and the high birth is related with the weight of the puerpera and the way of delivery.We should pay attention to the study of birth weight changes,and strengthen maternal system management according to the influence factors to guarantee the safe of the mother and the infant.