肺康复训练对肺结核结构性肺病患者肺功能及生活质量的影响

Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation training on the lung function and quality of life of patients with structural lung disease induced by pulmonary tuberculosis

目的探讨肺康复训练对肺结核结构性肺病患者肺功能及生活质量的影响。方法将90例肺结核结构性肺病患者随机分为对照组和康复组各45例。对照组按常规进行专科护理,如氧疗、用药指导、心理护理、饮食护理;康复组在常规护理基础上,实施肺康复训练,包括呼吸锻炼、有氧运动训练、有效的咳嗽和排痰训练。干预12周后,测评患者肺功能、动脉血气分析、生活质量。结果干预后康复组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6min步行距离显著优于对照组,PaO2显著升高、PaCO2显著降低,生活质量总分及各维度评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论肺康复训练能够显著改善肺结核结构性肺病患者的缺氧和二氧化碳潴留,改善肺功能和运动耐量,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To study the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation training on lung function and quality of life of patients with structural lung diseases induced by pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 90 patients with structural lung diseases induced by pulmonary tuberculosis were randomized into a control group and a rehabilitation group,each of 45 cases.The patients of the control group were given routine specialized care,such as oxygen therapy,medication guide,psychological care and diet care.The patients of the rehabilitation group were additionally provided with pulmonary rehabilitation training,including breathing exercises,aerobic training,and effective coughing and expectoration,lasting 12 weeks.After treatment,quality of life,lung function and arterial blood gas of both groups were evaluated.Results After the treatment,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,6-min walking distance of the rehabilitation group were significantly higher or longer than those of the control group,so were the scores of quality of life and its various dimensions（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.Moreover,the PaO2 of the former was significantly increased,but PaCO2 of the former was significantly decreased compared to the latter（P〈0.01 for all）.Conclusion The pulmonary rehabilitation trai-ning can significantly relieve hypoxia and CO2 retention,improve pulmonary function and exercise tolerance,promot quality of life of patients.