基因沉默技术在烟草上的应用研究

Progress of VIGS Technology in the Studies of Gramineae Plants

病毒诱导基因沉默(virus-induced genetic silencing,VIGS)是携带目的基因片段的病毒侵染植物后,诱导植物体内相同序列基因不表达的现象,它是一种转录后水平的基因沉默(post-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS)现象。近年来,在烟草基因功能探究和抗病育种的研究中VIGS获得了广泛的应用。阐述了RNA沉默的发现和作用机制,VIGS在烟草基因功能鉴定上的发现和烟草育种上的进展,探讨了VIGS技术在烟草中影响沉默效率的因素、局限性和发展前景。

Virus-induced genetic silencing is the silent phenomenon of plant inner identical sequence gene which is induced by the virus disseminated plant of carried target gene frame.h is a post-transcriptional gene silencing phenomenon （PTGS）.Recently, VIGS technology was used widely in the exploration of tobacco gene function and the research of breeding disease resistance.This review introduced the discovery of RNA silencing and mechanism of action,and described the VIGS technology in the discovery of tobacco gene function and the progress of breeding tobacco. Additionally,the factors that influenced efficiency of silencing,limitation and development prospect of VIGS were studied.