温度及四种植物对大豆蚜形态发育的影响

Effects of temperatures and hosts on morphological development of soybean aphid

在13℃、18℃、23℃、28℃及33℃五个温度下,对大豆蚜取食大豆、野大豆、白三叶和萝藦后的12个形态参数及体型大小,进行了测定和比较分析。研究表明:(1)温度对大豆蚜的体长、体宽、头宽、触角长、前足腿节长、前足胫节长、中足腿节长、中足胫节长、后足腿节长、后足胫节长、腹管长及尾片长,存在极显著影响;寄主植物对中足腿节长以外的11个形态参数存在显著影响;温度与寄主植物的交互作用,对腹管长度以外的11个形态参数存在极显著影响;(2)温度、寄主植物及二者的交互作用,对大豆蚜的体型均存在极显著影响;(3)在单一温度处理下,大豆蚜取食不同寄主植物后的形态参数呈现一定的规律性变化;(4)在单一温度或寄主植物处理下,蚜虫体型也均呈现出规律性变化。

At 13℃,18℃,23℃,28℃,and 33℃,twelve morphological parameters and body size of soybean aphid were determined when they fed on soybean,wild soybean,white clover,and Japanese metaplexis respectively. It showed that：（ 1） Temperature significantly affected soybean aphid’s body length,body width,head width,antennae length,length of foreleg femur,foreleg tibia,mesopedes femur,mesopedes tibia,metapedes femur,metapedes tibia,cornicles,and cauda（ P 〈 0. 01）. Eleven morphological parameters of soybean aphid, besides length of mesopedes femur, were significantly affected by hosts（ P 〈 0. 05）. Another eleven morphological parameters,besides cornicles length,were significantly affected by the interaction of temperature and host（ P 〈 0. 01）.（ 2） Body size of soybean aphid were significantly affected by temperature,host plant and their interaction（ P 〈 0. 01）.（ 3） In each temperature,the morphological parameters of soybean aphid changed regularly.（ 4） In each temperature or host plant,body size of soybean aphid also changed regularly.