北京地区三级医院医生职业幸福感现状及影响因素

Occupational well-being status and influence factors of doctors in third class hospitals in Beijing area

目的了解目前北京地区三级综合医院医生的职业幸福感现状,并对其影响因素进行探讨,为后期可能的提升策略提供参考。方法采用目的抽样与便利抽样相结合、半结构化访谈的方法,对北京地区4所三级综合医院中30名医生进行个人深入访谈,了解其职业幸福感现状及影响因素。结果医生的职业幸福感平均得分为(6.03±1.43)分(满分为10分),医生总体职业幸福感较低。医生认为其职业幸福感的主要影响因素为工作压力过大(27人次)、薪酬不成比例(23人次)、医患关系恶劣(18人次)、医院管理问题(17人次)。结论北京地区三级综合医院医生职业幸福感较低,影响医生职业幸福感的主要因素为工作量大、工作时间长、个人的付出与回报不成比例以及不和谐的医患关系。为了提升医生职业幸福感可以通过健全诊疗体系、优化医院资源配置、构建科室亚文化、对医生进行沟通技能培训等途径。

Objective To understand the current status of doctors＇ occupational well-being in three class general hospitals in Beijing, and discuss its influencing factors, then may provide a reference for the promotion strategies later. Methods Combined purpose sampling and convenience sampling method were used, and semi-structured interview method was used to do the individual indepth interviews with 30 doctors from four three class general hospitals in Beijing area, understand the status of their occupational well-being and influencing factors. Results The average of doctors＇ occupational well-being was （6.03±1.43） points （out of 10 points）, overall the doctors＇ occupational well-being was lower. Doctors believed that the maln factors influenced on their occupational well-being including excessive work pressure （27 people）, disproportionate pay （23 people）, poor doctor-patient relationship （18 people）, hospital manage-ment issues （17 people）. Conclusion Doctors＇ occupational well-being is lower in the three class general hospital in Beijing. The maln factors influenced on doctors＇ occupational well-being are workload, long working hours, dispropor-tionately individuals pay and reward and doctor-patient relationship disharmony. In order to enhance the doctors＇ occupational well-being, improving diagnosis and treatment system, optimizing hospitals resource allocation, building department subculture, communication skills tralning for doctors and other channels are better ways.