明清传奇创作中的填词问题分析

Dilemma and Breakthrough of Romance Drama Writing in the Ming Dynasty

传奇创作在明清文人心目中多以填词视之。传奇之奇,填词之雅,从材料与语言等方面对文人创作传奇进行了心理预设与文体规范。在传奇的填词制作过程中,矩矱与才情、本色与文体、结构与整体布局、奇幻与情思寄托等相互影响,从而对明清传奇乃至戏曲艺术整体的美学特征产生影响。戏曲艺术中板腔体由边缘走向中心的同时则是曲牌体的弱化,文人填词创作传奇随之边缘化,但其中的审美取向有着深远的影响。

Romance drama writing in the Ming Dynasty generated out of drama scripts of local opera in the south, called ＂romance＂. And writing of romance play scripts was known as ＂composing ci-poems＂. The dramatists in the days chose to write ＂romance＂ play scripts by means of ＂composing ci-poems＂ and channeled the development of drama art into a special opportunistic context. This not only added a new run-in point to the traditional issues of ＂adhering to the classical style＂ and ＂giving full play to the writer＇ s talent＂ but encouraged the trend of ＂giving priority to artistic situation＂. The means of writing of ＂giving priority to artistic situation＂ advanced drama writing to a period of incomparable brilliance and implied the coming of the age of great upsurge of Chinese drama art.