软权力与公共外交

软权力与公共外交广泛出现在世界各地的决策层和媒体话语之中。由于这两个概念似乎在广泛的传播中通常可以相互代替,所以在使用过程中往往表意不清,相互混淆。由于软权力适用于国际关系及其他领域,有时会超离公共外交的领域之外,因此需要对二者进行更为恰当的区分。此外,人们也可能会通过公共外交获取对硬权力的支持,诸多关系非常复杂。因此,或许应该在寻找简单模式之前,首先阐明其复杂性:1)认识公共外交相关概念的复杂性;2)认识软权力相关概念的复杂性;3)厘清公共外交与硬权力和软权力的关系;4)搭建一种解析公共外交与软权力复杂性的模型(matrix);5)从该模型的视角探讨公共外交与软权力相关概念的复杂性。

The terms soft pow er and public diplomacy(PD) are w idely used these days in policy communities and media discourses across the w orld.Their w ide currency has not added to clarity in their usage and indeed the terms are often used as if they are readily interchangeable.Soft pow er has both international relations and other applications and more typologising is called for to elucidate the differences as soft pow er may on occasion be at play outside of PD.Additionally support for hard pow er policies may be sought through PD.The relationships are complex rather than simple or at rate w e need first to elucidate the complexities before searching for simple models.This article seeks to 1) identify the complexity around the notion of PD; 2) identify the complexity around the notion of soft pow er; 3) relate PD to hard and soft pow er; 4) develop a matrix for dealing w ith complexity in PD and soft pow er; 5) and discuss the complexity around the notion of PD in terms of the matrix.