西方信任社会研究反思

A Rethinking on the Research of Trust Society in the West

西方学术界有关信任社会的研究,不仅起步较早,而且成果丰富。韦伯、明恩溥、雷丁、福山、佩雷菲特等西方学者是信任社会研究的代表人物,主要研究了信任社会的判别标准以及信任社会建构机制等方面的问题。他们的研究不仅是西方信任社会现实的一种理论反映,也为当代信任社会理论的建构和发展奠定了坚实的基础。然而,他们有关中国是"非信任社会"的观点是不符合历史事实的"西方中心论"偏见,而有关信任社会的"宗教建构机制"或"文化建构机制"是信任社会唯一的建构机制的观点,则在本质上漠视了信任社会建构机制在当代的发展以及信任社会的"法律建构机制"和"道德建构机制"在当代信任社会建构中的主导作用。

The research of trust society started earlier and has obtained abundant research achievements in w estern academia.The w estern scholars such as Weber,Smith,Redding,Fukuyama,Peyrefitte are the representative figures of trust society studies,w ho mainly study the judging criterion and the construction mechanism of trust society,and so on.Their researches are not only a theoretical reflection of the w estern trust society reality,but also have established a solid foundation for the construction and development of the contemporary trust society theory.How ever,their preconception on'Chinese society being a distrust society'is a'w est-centered theory'that does not correspond to the historical facts,and the view point that'religious construction mechanism 'or'cultural construction mechanism 'is the only construction mechanism of trust society essentially disregards the development of the construction mechanism of trust society in contemporary and the fact that the'legal construction mechanism 'and the'moral construction mechanism 'of trust society play a dominant role in the construction of trust society.