美国强制执行中的补充程序

The Study of Supplementary Proceedings in the American Judgment Enforcement

美国强制执行中的补充程序,植根于衡平法,诞生之初就被赋予了替代债权人诉讼之责。其主要功能是发现判决债务人的财产,将不适用于执行令程序的衡平法上的财产利益用于金钱判决的给付和取消欺诈性财产转让。该程序主体由询问债务人听证和法院的命令两部分组成,内部诸要素之间各司其职、相辅相成,推动金钱判决的整个强制执行程序有效运行。该程序注重发掘当事人各方的潜力,事半功倍地解决查找判决债务人财产的关键问题;兼顾判决债务人及相关第三人的权益保障;富有灵活性,能更好地应对复杂多变的实际情况。这些都对我国强制执行法的制定具有一定的借鉴意义。

The supplementary proceedings in the American judgment enforcement system derive from the equity, and are being empowered to replace creditor＇s bill since they come into existence. Con- centrating on the discovery of the debtors table interests, which are not applicable ＇ properties, supplementary proceedings enable the equi- to execution, to satisfy the money judgment, and are also able to set aside the fraudulent transfer. The main body of the supplementary proceedings consist of two parts, debtor examination hearing and court＇s order, and as their internal coherent elements per- form respective duties independently and interdependently, they push forward the effective operation of the overall judgment enforcement. The focus of the proceedings on driving the parties＇ potentials yields twice the results of how to locate debtors＇ properties. Overseeing the debtors and the 3rd par- ties＇ interest protection notwithstanding, the proceedings also manifest flexibility and therefore tackle complexity and changes effectively. As mentioned above, the proceedings serve as useful exemplary reference for the creation of our judgment enforcement system.