新批评:理解与批判——试论克兰理论与形式批评的关系

The New Criticism: Understanding and Critique——On the Relation of Crane's Theory and Formal Critique

从对本体论的质疑、对语义分析方法论的质疑,克兰评判了新批评语言本体工具性功能研究的模式。从愉悦的目的对知识建构目的的置换,克兰以审美效应或者说愉悦效果取代了作品功用性存在的意义,对形式批评重新定位。从本体性与整体性原则的不同,克兰批判了本质性特征的价值判断,将文学批评的实践目的定位在结构组合的整体性原则上。在对新批评之批评与继承的基础上,克兰建构了自己的伦理修辞理论。

From the question of Ontology and the question of semantic analysis method, Crane criti- cizes study model of ontology tools of language of the New Criticism. From pleasant purpose to knowledge construction, he replaces the existing works of functional significance to aesthetic effect, re- positioning the Form Criticism. From difference between ontology and the whole principle, he criticiz- es the essential features of the value judgment of the former, positioning practice of literary criticism on the principle of the overall structure. Based on the criticism and inheritance of the New Criti- cism, Crane constructs his own rhetoric.