我国渐进式延迟退休年龄的政策机制与方案研究

Research on Policy Mechanisms and Program of Progressive Delaying Retirement Age in China

退休年龄政策的核心是对劳动者在一定工作年限的前提下可享受社会福利而进行的政策干预,本质上是劳动者的劳动贡献与退休后所享福利之间的均衡。建立公平、合理、科学的退休年龄确定与调整机制,应该在充分考虑劳动者工作期间的劳动贡献后,并结合退休年龄的影响因素进行修正。根据我国目前实际退休年龄的现状,借鉴机制设计理念与方法,退休年龄政策方案制定需要考虑政策关键要素,宜采用以工作年限为基础,即采取"95(99)=标准退休年龄+工作年限"的思路,在"95制"、"96制"、"97制"、"98制"和"99制"五个方案进行优选渐进。此外,渐进式延迟退休年龄政策方案的启动与实施,还需要与养老金改革相配套的支持条件。

Retirement age policy is interventions for workers enjoyable welfare in the context of a certain number of working years, which conducted a balance between labor contribution and retirement benefits of workers. Establishment of a fair, rational, scientific determining and adjusting mechanism of the retirement age should be fully consid- ered in the labor contribution of workers, combined with the correction factors of retirement age. According to the status of the current actual retirement age, drawing mechanism design concepts and methods, we＇d better use the progressive and differential retirement age policy based on the working years, which is ＂95 （99） --- standard retirement age working years＂. This five schemes should be selected and carried out progressively including＂ 95system＂ ,＂ 96system＂ ,＂ 97system＂ ,＂ 9ssystem＂ and＂ 99system＂, and to take differential retirement age policy for different types of workers. Also, starting with the implementation of progressive delaying retirement age policy programs needs matching conditions support of pension reform.