上海市市售中华绒螯蟹抗生素和性激素的筛查与评价

Detection and assessment of antibiotic and sex hormone residues in Eriocheir sinensis sold in markets in Shanghai

目的 筛查与评价上海市市售中华绒螯蟹中抗生素和性激素的残留水平.方法 采用方便抽样法于2014年在上海市徐汇区和长宁区收集56只中华绒螯蟹后,用同位素稀释超高效液相色谱串联四极杆/飞行时间质谱分析方法分别筛查蟹内脏和蟹肌肉中13种常见抗生素（4种喹诺酮类、3种磺胺类、2种四环素类、2种酰胺醇类、1种大环内酯类和1种磺胺增效剂）和7种性激素（4种内源性激素和3种合成性激素）的残留水平.结果 蟹内脏和蟹肉中共检出7种抗生素,包括3种喹诺酮类抗生素（环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和恩诺沙星）、3种磺胺类抗生素（磺胺二甲嘧啶、磺胺嘧啶和磺胺甲恶唑）和甲氧苄啶.蟹内脏中抗生素总检出率为32.1％,质量浓度总和最大值为23.8 μg/kg,第75百分位数浓度为1.45 μg/kg.蟹肉中抗生素总检出率为39.3％,质量浓度总和最大值为40.5 μg/kg,第75百分位数浓度为1.75 μg/kg.7种性激素均未检出.结论 上海市市售中华绒螯蟹中抗生素和激素残留水平满足我国现行规定的相关残留标准,处在健康风险安全范围之内.

Objective To understand the antibiotic and sex hormone residue level in the Eriocheir sinensis sold in markets in Shanghai.Methods Fifty six mitten crabs were collected through convenient sampling in Xuhui and Changning districts in Shanghai in 2014.The residues of 13 antibiotics （4 quinolones,3 sulfonamides,2 tetracyclines,2 amphenicols,1 macrolides,and trimethoprim） and 7 sex hormones （4 endogenous sex hormones and 3 synthetic sex hormones） were detected by the isotope dilution method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry in visceral organs and muscles of crabs.Results A total of 7 antibiotics were detected in visceral organs or muscles of crabs,including 3 quinolones （ciprofloxacin,norfloxacin,and enrofloxacin）,3 sulfonamides （sulfamethazine,sulfadiazine,and sulfamethoxazole） and trimethoprim.In visceral organs,the overall antibiotic detection rate was 32.1%,the maximum sum of mass concentration was 23.8 μg/kg,and the 75th percentile was 1.45 μg/kg.In muscles,the overall antibiotic detection rate was 39.3%,the maximum sum of mass concentration was 40.5 μg/kg,and the 75th percentile was 1.75 μg/kg.No sex hormones were detected in both visceral organs and muscles.Conclusion The antibiotic and sex hormone residue level in the Eriocheir sinensis sold in markets in Shanghai did not exceed the national standard,indicating that no risk was posed to human health.