Neuman理论对高血压脑出血患者术后心理状况的影响

The influence of Neuman theory on postoperative mental status of the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

目的：探讨Neuman理论对高血压脑出血患者术后心理状况的影响。方法收集2011年6月~2014年1月来我院救治的120例高血压脑出血并已行手术的患者，按患者入院顺序随机把所选患者分为实验组与对照组各60例，对照组患者给予一般的常规护理，实验组患者在常规护理的基础上依据Neuman 理论设计心理护理干预措施，并采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）及症状自评量表（SCL-90）来检测、评价及比较两组患者的护理的效果。结果干预前两组患者的HAMD总评分间的差异不大，干预12周后实验组患者的HAMD总评分明显改善，特别是绝望感、焦虑/躯体化及认知障碍等方面实验组患者改善得更加明显；干预12周后实验组患者的抑郁、焦虑、强迫症状、恐怖、敌对及精神病性评分均明显低于对照组。结论 Neuman理论对高血压脑出血患者术后心理状况的改善有较高的应用价值，值得在临床工作中大力推广应用。

Objective To explore the influence of Neuman theory on postoperative mental status of the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods According to their admission order, 120 patients with hypertensive intrac-erebral hemorrhage who accepted operation in our hospital from June 2011 to January 2014 were divided into the ex-perimental group and the control group, each group with 60 patients. The patients in the control group were treated with routine care while the patients in the experimental group were given psychological care interventions designed in ac-cordance with Neuman theory on the basis of the routine care. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared, detected and evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rationg Scale （HAMD） and Self-reporting inventory （SCL-90）. Results The differences of HAMD total score of the two groups before interventions were not statistically significant. After 12 weeks intervention, HAMD total score of the experimental group significantly improved, especially in hopelessness, anxiety/somatization and cognitive impairment. The depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, horror, hostility and psychosis of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 12 weeks inter-vention. Conclusion Neuman theory has very high value of application to improve postoperative psychological status of the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and is worthy of being promoted and applied in clinical work.