下颌神经管磨牙后区分支的三维影像学研究

The three-dimensional imaging studies of mandibular canal branch in retromolar region

目的通过口腔专用锥形束CT技术探究下颌神经管磨牙后区分支的相关数据以及其与该区位置的关系,为临床外科手术提供理论依据。方法收集和分析316例中国人锥形束CT扫描数据,筛选有下颌管磨牙后区神经分支的病例,并对其进行长度、第二磨牙远中根的距离、颊侧骨板和舌侧的距离测量分析。结果下颌神经管磨牙后区分支的平均长度为(3.41±1.44)mm;下颌神经管磨牙后区分支的末端与下颌第二磨牙远中根的距离的平均值为(12.83±5.43)mm,其末端距离唇颊侧骨板的平均值为(6.18±1.73)mm;距离牙槽嵴顶的平均值为(18.47±6.34)mm;距离舌侧骨板的平均值为(5.79±1.67)mm。结论在种植手术和拔除阻生牙等外科手术之前,使用锥形束CT对其具体位置进行多平面重建并进行分析,能够减少术后并发症的发生。

Objective To analyse the length of mandibular canal branch in retromolar region and its relation to the operation using CBCT,providing theoretical basis for the clinical surgery. Method CBCT data of 316 Chinese people were collected,and screening with cases of mandibular canal branch in retromolar region. Result The length of man-dibular canal branch in retromolar region was （3. 41＆#177;1. 44） mm,to the distal root of the mandibular second molar was （12.83＆#177;5.43）mm,to buccal bone plate was （6.18＆#177;1.73）mm,to alveolar crest was （18.47＆#177;6.34）mm,to Lingual bone plate was （5. 79＆#177;1. 67）mm. Conclusion There is a probability of the existence of the branch in retro-molar region in the people,clinicians should use CBCT before implant or maxillofacial surgery procedures to mini-mize the risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury.