从质量提升机构建立看美国大学全面质量管理——以威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校质量提升办公室为例

Total Quality Management in American Universities Looked through the Foundation of Quality Improvement Organizations

全面质量管理是提高高等教育质量的一种有效方式。为了实施全面质量管理,美国的许多大学建立了专门的质量提升机构。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的质量提升办公室是美国大学实施全面质量管理的一个较为典型的机构,了解其结构、职责、运作方式等,有助于对美国大学的质量提升机构践行全面质量管理的过程、策略和成效进行分析。

Total Quality Management（TQM）is an effective way to improve the quality of higher education.To carry out the TQM,many universities in America have founded the specialized quality improvement organizations.Office of Quality Improvement（OQI）in University of Wisconsin-Madison is a typical case.By introducing the structure,responsibility and operation mode of the OQI,this article analyzes the process,strategies and achievements of practicing the TQM in the quality improvement organizations of American universities.