城市韧性:基于国际文献综述的概念解析

Understanding Urban Resilience:A Conceptual Analysis Based on Integrated International Literature Review

城市韧性作为新兴的城市研究热点议题,其实质在于针对现代都市所面临的不确定性扰动,主动探索适应性的调整方法和途径。韧性的概念自源起以来,经历了从工程韧性,到生态韧性,再到演进韧性两次决定性的认知转型,形成了支撑现代城市韧性观点的支柱。本文通过全面回顾总结国际学界的相关文献,比较了三种韧性认知角度的本质区别,阐述了韧性城市研究的内容框架,并提出了与此相应的特征和评价标准。在此基础上,本文认为城市韧性是建立在传统规划理论上的指导现代城市可持续发展的全新途径。准确地把握城市韧性的概念内涵、内容框架和特征标准对于增强现代城市的适应能力具有重要的指导价值。

Being one of the newly-emerging yet heated urban studies buzzwords, urban resilience is essentially about the process of actively exploring adaptive and creative methods and approaches, in order to cope with the uncertain disturbances that modern cities face. The concept of resilience, since its very origin, has been understood firstly using an engineering perspective, then from an ecological perspective, and most recently from an evolutionary perspective. The transition of the understanding forms the backbone of modern urban resilience concept. This paper, based on a thorough review of related international literature, compares the essential differences between the above-stated three perspectives, articulates the research framework of urban resilience, and proposes its characteristics and criteria accordingly. This paper thereby contends that inheriting wisdoms from existing planning theories, urban resilience can be viewed as a new approach leading modern cities to achieve sustainability. Carefully understanding the conceptual connotation, framework, characteristics and criteria of urban resilience is a crucial premise guiding the construction of adaptive capability of modern cities.