炼油工业:市场的变化与技术对策

Petroleum Industry:Market Changes and Technical Strategy

经济新常态下,中国主要成品油消费仍呈增长趋势,汽油和煤油刚性需求增长较快,而柴油需求增速大幅减少,市场需求的柴/汽比明显下降。环保压力增大,国Ⅴ柴油标准和国Ⅴ汽油标准相继推出,油品质量升级步伐必须加快。乙烷制乙烯技术的大规模市场化使石脑油蒸汽裂解生产低碳烯烃受到挑战,开发具有竞争力的丙烯生产技术受到关注。面对市场的变化,为更加高效、清洁地利用宝贵的石油资源,为满足市场需求多产汽油和喷气燃料,为提供更具竞争力的丙烯等基本化工原料,炼油研发部门近年来主动积极地开发一系列新的关键技术,包括更高效的固定床渣油加氢技术(RHT)、多产轻质油的催化裂化蜡油选择性加氢与选择性FCC集成技术(IHCC)、第三代催化裂化汽油选择性加氢脱硫技术(RSDS-Ⅲ)、柴油超深度加氢脱硫技术(RTS)、催化柴油加氢裂化生产高辛烷值汽油技术(RLG)、低压喷气燃料加氢RHSS技术、多产化工原料的催化丙烯技术(SHMP)。这些技术或技术组合将对支撑未来炼油工业的发展和应对市场变化发挥重要作用。

Under the new normal economy situation in China, the consumption of transportation fuels still increase, the rigid demand of gasoline and jet fuel increases rapidly while diesel fuel declines. The diesel to gasoline ratio decreases significantly in the market. Oil product quality upgrading must speed up to meet the increasingly stringent environmental requirements and the national standards of phase V gasoline and phase V diesel fuel. The naphtha steam cracking technology of low carbon olefin production is challenged by large-scale application of ethane to ethylene technology, which promotes the development of a competitive propylene production technology. To more efficiently and clean use the precious oil resources, to meet the market demand for more gasoline and jet fuel and to product more competitive basic chemical raw materials like propylene, the refining R＆D department is now actively developing a new set of key technologies in recent years, including the more efficient fixed bed residue hydrotreating technology （RHT）, the integrated technology of FCC gas oil hydrotreating and highly selective catalytic cracking technology （IHCC）, ultra-deep diesel fuel desulfurization technology （RST）, high ON gasoline produced by FCC LCO hydrocracking technology （RLG）, low pressure hydrofining of jet fuel technology （RHSS）, SINOPEC directional hydrotreating for combined with selective DCC process maximum propylene （SHMP） and the 3rd generation FCC gasoline selective hydrodesulfurization technology （RSDS-Ⅲ）. These technologies or combined technologies will support the future development of oil refining industry and play an important role in response to market changes.