农村妇女民族传统体育锻炼现状及影响因素实证研究——以湘鄂渝黔边区为例

Empirical Study on Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Women Participation in National Traditional Sports in Rural Area——a case of border areas of Hunan,Hubei,Chongqing and Guizhou

随机整群抽取湘鄂渝黔边区14个县（市）20～70岁农村妇女2244名，对民族地区农村地域、农村妇女人口学特征、体育价值观、体育锻炼行为特征及相关影响因素进行实地访谈、问卷调查和相关因素logistic回归分析。结果湘鄂渝黔边区不同年龄组农村妇女民族传统体育锻炼的参与率为28.7%，锻炼时间每周3次以上仅占4.23%，农村妇女具有尊重民族习俗、强身健体、休闲娱乐和交流合作的民族传统体育锻炼价值认同，以舞蹈类、休闲娱乐类项目为主，锻炼时间主要选择在民俗节庆和乡镇集会，以参加村镇集体活动和朋友共同参与的形式锻炼，没有体育消费占58.2%。自我评价好、生活满意度高、体育锻炼价值认同、民俗节庆体育活动、家人和社会支持等社会文化因素支持农村妇女参加体育锻炼。结论湘鄂渝黔边区农村妇女民族传统体育锻炼有一定的群众基础，锻炼项目选择突出女性特点、地域文化和年龄特征，受到个人、家庭、文化习俗、体育环境等因素影响。

It is taken 2244 women as the subjects in which age is 20 to 70 years old by random cluster sampling method in 14 counties of border areas of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou by questionnaire investigation on the characters of rural areas, demographic in nation areas, sports values and physical behavior characteristic and relevant influence factors. Logistic regression analysis was carried out on the related factors. Results：the rate of participating in national traditional sports is 28. 7% of different age groups, 4. 23% of them exercise three times or more per week. Most rural women follow the national traditional sports value, physical fitness, leisure, entertainment and communication and cooperation. The projects is given priority to dance, leisure and entertainment and most people exercises in folk festival in villages and towns. The proportion of no sports consumption accounted for 58. 2%. These cultural factors as good self-assessment, high life satisfaction, identity physical exercise value, folk festival sports activities, family support are positive factors. Conclusion：there have an agreement on national traditional physical exercise in the border areas. The selecting of exercise projects focuse on female characteristics, region cultures and age characters. The ex-ercise is influenced by the factors of individual, family, culture, sports environment.