维药药西瓜中总黄酮的提取工艺

Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Uyghur Medicine Citrullus colocynthis

维吾尔族传统民族药物药西瓜有多种药用功效,一直是国内学者的研究热点,但对药西瓜的研究主要集中在其药理活性和化合物的分离,对提取工艺的优化工作却是空白。本文对药西瓜中总黄酮的提取进行系统地工艺优化,以此为日后工业放大和黄酮类化合物单体的分离提供参考。通过单因素实验和正交实验,以温度、料液比、提取时间、溶剂体积分数作为工艺参数,分别采用回流提取和微波辅助2种方法在不同的提取条件下对维药药西瓜中的总黄酮进行提取,从而确定在2种方法下最佳的提取工艺。结果显示回流提取药西瓜中总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度为90℃,提取时间为2h,乙醇体积分数为95%,料液比1∶80,在此条件下黄酮提取率为1.72%。微波辅助提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度为90℃,乙醇体积分数为95%,提取时间为提取时间为25 min,料液比为1∶90,在此条件下黄酮提取率为4.28%。对比2种提取方法,采用微波辅助技术提取,需要时间短,提取率更高,是更适宜的药西瓜黄酮提取的方法。

Citrullus colocynthis is a traditional folk medicine,which possess multiple pharmacological activities and is always a research hotspot in domestic and overseas.However,researches were almost about the pharmacological activity,isolation and structure while rarly about the extraction process optimization.In this paper,the process of total flavonoids extraction from Citrullus colocynthis was optimized in order to provide a reference to the industrial scale-up and flavonoids extraction.Total flavonoids of uyghour medicine Citrullus colocynthis was extracted under different conditions including the reflux extraction and the microwave-assisted extraction.Orthogonal array design was used to optimize the reflux extraction and microwave-assisted extraction,respectively.The extracted temperature,proportion of solvent to raw material,extract time and solvent volume fraction were investigated.The optimum conditions of reflux extraction were 90 ℃ as extraction temperature,2 h for extract time,95 % of the concentration of solvent and 1 ： 80 for the proportion of solvent to raw material.Under the condition of extraction and the rate of flavonoid extraction was 1.72%.The optimum conditions of microwave extraction of total flavonoids were the temperature of 90 ℃ ,the extract time was 25 min,the concentration of solvent was 95 %,and the material-liquid ratio was 1 ： 90.Under the condition of microwave extraction,the rate of flavonoid extraction was 4.28%.Thus,it can be seen that microwave extraction is a method needs shorter time,acquires higher extraction yield,and more suitable for the flavonoids extraction from Citmllus colocynthis.