高寒区引水渠道水温变化规律的试验研究

Study on Water Temperature Change Rule of Diversion Channel at High Altitude and Cold Regions

在高寒地区,抽水融冰是引水式水电站冬季运行除冰害的一种有效措施。为了更好地研究抽水融冰过程中引水渠道水温变化规律,本研究结合新疆红山嘴水电站工程的实际应用,对抽水融冰过程进行了室外水槽模拟试验。试验在实际大气温度下分别分析了相同渠水流量、不同井水流量和相同井水流量、不同渠水流量条件下,引水渠水温沿程的变化规律,结果表明:各种加井水条件下的渠水水温都比不加井水时要高,渠水水温先升高后降低,并有一峰值,峰值出现在加水点4-8 m处,说明冬季抽取地下水注入引水渠的方法是可行的;当渠水流量确定的情况下,随着井水流量的增大,渠水温度升高幅度也显著增大,增幅明显,从井水流量0.06 L/s时的0.5-1.25℃增大到井水流量0.14 L/s时的0.35-0.77℃,增幅为0.15-0.48℃左右;当井水流量确定的情况下,随着渠水流量的增大,渠水水温升高幅度减小,从渠水流量1.5 L/s时升高的0.77-1.9℃减小到渠水流量7.5 L/s时升高的0.26-0.45℃,减小幅度为0.51-1.45℃。该试验结果可为抽水融冰运行机理提供科学依据并为实际工程提供借鉴意义。

In cold and high altitude areas,pumping and ice-melting is an effective measure to prevent ice harm in diversion type hydropower station in winter.In order to better study the water temperature change rule of water channels in pumping and ice-melting process.The outdoor sink simulation of pumping and ice-melting was conducted combined with the practical application of Hongshanzui Hydropower Project in Xinjiang.We analyzed the same type of canal water flows in different wells water flow and canals water flow,and the change rule of water temperature along the diversion channel.The results showed that the temperature of channel water which had added with well water was higher than that of without well water.The channel water temperature was increased with increasing water addition point,and, subsequently decreased.The optimal water addition point was 4-8 m that indicated that it was available to introduce underground water in channel.When canal water flow was quantified,the channel water temperature was remarkably improved with increasing of well water flow.It was improved from 0.5-1.25℃ to 0.35-0.77℃ at the well water flow was from 0.06 L/s to 0.14 L/s which had the increase value of about 0.15-0.48℃.When well water flow was quantified,the channel water temperature was slowly improved with increasing of channel water flow.It was decreased from the increased value of 0.77-1.9 ℃ to 0.26-0.45 ℃ at the channel water flow was from 1.5 L/s to 7.5 L/s which had the decrease value of about 0.51-1.45℃.The experimental results can provide scientific basis for pumping melting operation mechanism and practical engineering.