氮肥运筹对烤烟生长发育及经济性状的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Management on Tobacco Agronomic and Economic Property

以云烟97为供试品种，通过大田试验，研究了氮肥减量和氮素前移等氮肥运筹技术对烟草生长和产质量的影响。研究结果表明：（1）氮肥减量均不同程度影响了烤烟的农艺性状，团棵期的株高、旺长期的中部叶长叶宽、成熟期的上部叶宽、中部叶长叶宽等均随着施氮量的递减，有明显的降低趋势。（2）氮素基追比调控处理结果表明，适宜的基追比0：3）通过促进团棵期的株高、成熟期的节距、中部叶长、茎围等农艺性状指标，从而影响烤烟的产量、产值和中上等烟叶比例，氮素前移（基追比为8：2）效果与适宜基追比0：3）之间差异不明显，但氮素后移（基迫比为6：4）对烤烟农艺性状和经济性状均具有显著的不利影响效应。

The Yunyan 97 was used as the tested tobacco cultivar, the impact of nitrogenous fertilizer application management such as nitrogenous fertilizer reduction and application ratio increased in base fertilizer was studied based on the field experiment. The results showed that, （1） The nitrogenous fertilizer reduction affected the stem height in resetting growth stage, length and width of the middle leaf in fast growing period, and width of upper leaf in matured stage, length and width of middle leaf in matured stage significantly. These agronomic traits were decreased obviously along with reduction of nitrogenous fertilizer. （2） Regulation of nitrogen application ratio in base fertilizer showed that the proper nitrogen application ratio of 70% to 30%, with the increasing of the stem height in resetting growth stage, internodes length, length of middle leaf and stem girth in matured stage, the yield, output and the ratio of mid-high grade leaves were promoted. The nitrogen application ratio exceeded at early stage （base fertilizer proportion was 80%） and the proper rate （base fertilizer proportion was 70%） had no obvious difference. However, the nitrogen application ratio exceeded at later stage （base fertilizer proportion was only 60%） affected the agronomic trait and economic character of tobacco disadvantageously