足月新生儿床旁超声心动图检查的价值分析

The value of bedside echocardiography in full term infants

目的：探讨新生儿重症监护室（NICU ）的足月新生儿床旁超声心动图检查的临床价值。方法对313例NICU的足月新生儿常规行床边超声心动图检查并分析。结果总共313例新生儿受检，临床特征以呼吸急促、心脏杂音、发绀为主要表现；以卵圆孔未闭、动脉导管未闭在非青紫型血液分流常见，非青紫型先天性心脏病（CHD）中以房间隔缺损（31例）为主，其次为室间隔缺损（20例）。青紫型CHD中，以肺动脉闭锁（6例）、完全性大动脉转位（5例）、法洛四联症（5例）、完全性肺静脉异位引流（5例）为主。血流异常以三尖瓣反流常见；中重度肺动脉高压在足月新生儿多见。结论新生儿心脏超声检查结果多有异常，且新生儿CHD杂音常不典型，NICU的足月新生儿常规行床边心脏超声，对于早期发现CHD等异常，从而及时治疗改善预后，具有重要价值。

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of bedside echocardiography in full term infants in NICU.Methods The bedside echocardiography was performed for 313 full term infants,and then they were ana-lyzed.Results The main clinical characteristics of totally 313 cases of neonates were tachypnea,heart murmur and cyanosis.Patent foramen ovale and patent ductus arteriosus were common in the no cyanotic blood shunt,no cyanotic congenital heart disease（CHD）was mainly made of atrial septum defect（31 cases）,followed by ventricular septal defect （20 cases）.Cyanotic CHD was made of pulmonary atresia（6 cases）,complete transposition of great artery （5 cases）,tetralogy of fallot（5 cases）,total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage（5 cases）.Tricuspid regurgitation was common in abnormal blood flow,moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension was common for full term infants. Conclusion There were many abnormal echocardiography examination results,and atypical noise was common in neonatal CHD,routine examination of bedside echocardiography for full term infants in NICU was important for early detection of CHD and may help treatment timely to improve the prognosis.