474名电力机车司机高尿酸血症患病情况及其对疾病的认知情况

Characteristics and recognition of hyperuricemia in 474 electric locomotive drivers

目的调查火车司机对高尿酸血症（HUA）的认知情况及相关危险因素。方法测定474名电力机车司机的体重指数（BMI）、血尿酸、血糖、血压、血脂谱、腹部超声等指标,根据血尿酸水平分为HUA组和尿酸正常组,比较二组间各项指标的差异,分析血尿酸与其他指标的相关性。并对HUA者进行问卷调查,了解其工作强度、生活习惯及对HUA的认知情况。结果 HUA组的超重率、高血压患病率、血脂异常率、脂肪肝检出率高于尿酸正常组（P分别为〈0.01、〈0.05、〈0.01、〈0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,超重和血脂异常是HUA的危险因素,OR值分别为3.88（1.66~9.07）、2.24（1.04~4.82）。调查问卷显示HUA组多有吸烟饮酒习惯。结论火车司机对HUA认知程度尚不足。HUA与超重、高血压、血脂异常等因素有关,应加强对HUA的健康教育。

[ Objective ] To investigate the cognition of hyperuricemia （HUA） in electric locomotive drivers and the related risk factors. [Methods] BMI, plasma uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, lipid profile and abdominal ultrasonography were recorded in 474 electric locomotive drivers. All drivers were divided into HUA group and normal uric acid group according to the level of plasma uric acid. The differences of assay indexes between two groups were compared. The correlations between uric acid and other clinical parameters were analyzed. Furthermore, questionnaire for HUA drivers was conducted to understand their job strength, living habit and HUA recognition. [Results] There were higher rates of overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia and adiposis hepatica in subjects with HUA than those normal uric acid.（P〈0.01, 〈0.05,〈0.01,〈0.01, respectively）. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and dyslipidaemia were risk factors of HUA, OR=3.88 （1.66-9.07）, 2.24 （1.04-4.82）.The questionnaires demonstrated that smoking and drinking were common in HUA drivers. [ Conclusion ] Locomotive drivers are lack of knowledge of HUA. HUA is related with overweight, hypertension, dyslipidaemia. It is important to emphasize the health education about HUA.