老年女性压力性尿失禁患者应对方式及影响因素的调查分析

Investigation of coping style and its related factors for elderly women with stress urinary incontinence

目的：调查泰安市社区老年女性压力性尿失禁（ SUI ）患者的应对方式及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,于2014年1—4月对泰安市3所大型社区520例SUI患者进行问卷调查,问卷由医学应对量表、压力性尿失禁认知量表和人口社会学资料组成,评估老年女性尿失禁患者压力性尿失禁相关知识的认知水平、其医学应对方式各因子与常模得分及老年女性尿失禁患者疾病应对方式的影响因素。结果520例SUI患者压力性尿失禁认知量表总得分为（4.79±3.20）分,处于较低水平。SUI患者医学应对方式的各维度得分均高于常模,其中面对得分为与常模的比较差异无统计学意义（ P〉0.05）,回避和屈服得分分别为（16.87±2.63）,（12.65±2.89）分,与常模比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为14.866,21.408；P〈0.01）；年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度和压力性尿失禁认知水平是影响SUI患者不同应对方式的影响因素。结论不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度和SUI认知水平的老年女性SUI患者应对方式各不相同。临床和社区卫生工作中的医务人员应进行综合分析,充分考虑患者应对方式的复杂性及相关影响因素,引导其采用积极的应对方式。

Objective To survey the coping style and its related factors of elderly women with Stress Urinary Incontinence（ SUI） in Tai′an city community. Methods Totals of 520 cases of elderly women patients with SUI were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed by questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of medical coping questionnaire, stress urinary incontinence cognitive subscale and the sociology population data. Results The score of SUI cognitive subscale of the 520 patients were （4. 79 ± 3. 20）, which was at a low level. The scores of each dimension of medical coping questionnaire were higher than the norm, which had no significant differences （P〉0. 05）. The scores of avoidance and acceptance-resignation were （16. 87 ± 2. 63） and （12. 65 ± 2. 89）, which were significantly different with the norm （t=14. 866, 21. 408;P〈0. 01）. Age, marital status, education level and stress urinary incontinence cognitive level were the influencing factors of elderly female patients with SUI. Conclusions The coping style varies in women with different age, marital status, different education level and cognitive level. Therefore, clinical and community health work in the medical personnel should be analyzed comprehensively, and consider the complexity of the factors of coping style in the patients, in order to guide their coping style.