嗜冷产甲烷菌及其冷适应机制的研究进展

Research Progress on Psychrophilic Methanogens and Cold Adaptation Mechanisms

嗜冷产甲烷菌属于严格厌氧古细菌,普遍分布在高纬度海洋、陆地及极地冰川等自然环境和人工冷环境中,在全球碳素循环中发挥着重要作用。嗜冷产甲烷菌在长期冷环境进化中形成了特殊的冷适应机制。针对北方低温沼气发酵产气效率低这一瓶颈问题,文章系统阐述了嗜冷产甲烷菌在低温环境中的冷适应机制,尤其是对基因组学和蛋白质组学等方法在冷适应机制的研究中取得的新进展进行深入探究,旨在为低温厌氧消化工艺提供一些理论参考。

Psyohrophilic methanogens are strictly anaerobic archaea, widely distributed in the high-latitude ocean, land and polar glacier, the natural cold environment and artificial environment, play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Psychrophilie methanogens have developed a special adaptation mechanism in long-term evolution in cold environment. This paper expounded the cold adaptation mechanism of psychrophilic methanogens under low temperature, especially the new progress obtained by adopting the methods of genomics and proteomics, aiming at to provide some theoretic reference for an- aerobic digestion process in cold areas.