青贮秸秆和牛粪厌氧消化产气性能研究

Anaerobic Digestion of Maize Straw Silage and Cattle Manure on a Large-scale Cattle Farm

为实现规模化养牛场的剩余青贮秸秆饲料和牛粪的资源化利用。文章采用批式实验,研究了两者的厌氧消化产气特性,设定的发酵条件为初始发酵浓度为1%VS,p H值7.0,温度37℃±1℃。实验结果表明,青贮玉米秸秆和牛粪分别在第12 d和16 d取得甲烷日产量最大值,其峰值分别为34.1 m L·g-1VSadded和23.5m L·g-1VSadded;两者的产甲烷潜力分别为355.4 m L·g-1VSadded和315.4 m L·g-1VSadded。动力学模型参数表明,青贮玉米秸秆的水解速率常数和最大产甲烷速率分别为0.047 d-1和27.6 m L·g-1d-1VS,其大于牛粪的0.022 d-1和18.4 m L·g-1d-1VS。另外青贮玉米秸秆的延滞期比牛粪的延滞期缩短了2 d,说明青贮处理促进了秸秆的水解。

The anaerobic digestion characteristics of maize straw silage and cattle manure from a large-scale cattle farm were evaluated adopting batch tests with the fermentation VS concentration of 1%, initial pH of 7.0 and temperature of 37℃ ± ℃. The results showed that the maize straw silage and cattle manure reached their peak daily gas production on the day 12 and 16 respectively, which were 34.1 mL ·g^-1VSadded and 23.5 mL ·g^-1VSadded, respectively. The methane production potential was 355.4 mL ·g^-1VSadded for maize straw silage and 315.4 mL ·g^-1VSadded for cattle manure. In addition, the kinetic parameters showed that the maize straw silage had higher hydrolysis velocity constant （0. 047 d^-1 ） and maximum methane production rate （27.6 mL ·g^-1 gd^-1 VS） than those of cattle manure （0. 022 d^-1 and 18.4 mL ·g^-1 d^-1 VS）. Comparing with the cattle manure, the lag time （λ） for the anaerobic digestion of maize straw silage was shortened for 2 days, which indicated that the silage processing improved the hydrolysis of maize straw.