北宋东京城门管理制度的时代特征

On the Management System of Dongjing City Gate of Northern Song Dynasty

作为北宋政治、军事、经济、社会的产物,北宋东京城的城门管理制度,既有继承唐代长安城之处,又有鲜明的时代特色,且随着时局的不断变化,一直处于补充、完善之中。从宋代政局演变上看,它的运行效果也是值得肯定的。北宋东京城制定有严格的早启晚闭与夜间开启制度,官员白天进入皇宫要凭门籍,还要遵守下马地点、衣着等方面之规定。外城城门,除了日常的启闭外,白天还要履行对进出货物进行检验、征税以及盘查官员之职能,成为城门管理的重要环节。这种管理制度,是东京城开放的街市制的产物,又与北宋"守内"国策以及对京师官吏的管控息息相关,颇具时代特色。

For Kaifeng City of the Northern Song Dynasty, one system has been formulated that the city gates should be opened in the morning and closed during the night, as well as opened at night. Before entering during the day, officials must show their door membership, and comply with the provisions of the discount location, clothing. The outside city door, in addition to the daily opening and closing, fulfills the functions of inspecting goods and taxation This management system, as a product of open market system of the Kaifeng city, is closely linked with guarding the capital and the control of the officials questioning the officials who will go out of the city.