副词“一直”的词汇化和语法化及相关问题

The Lexicalization and Grammaticalization of Yizhi and Related Issues

"一直"是现代汉语中的一个常用副词。"一"和"直"在古汉语中有多种相邻使用形式,但直到唐五代时期才成词,表示顺着一个方向不拐弯(一直1)。成词后又继续语法化,宋元以后产生了表示动作持续不断或状态持续不变的"一直2";到清代又产生了表示事物范围或界限的"一直3"。在现代汉语中,"一直1""一直2""一直3"同时共存,但从来源上是有先后历时引申关系的,现代汉语的"一直"是"一直"在历时发展过程中不同阶段的沉积。

Yizhi is a commonly used adverb in modern Chinese. Yi and zhi had many adjacent usage patterns in ancient Chinese, but they did not form a word until the Tang and Five Dynasties, yizhi1 expressing the meaning of straightness. Then it continued to he grammaticalized. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, a new meaning of the continuation of action or sate appeared, yizhi2, By the Qing Dynasty, the meaning of scope or boundary appeared, yizhin In modern Chinaese, those three meanings coexist, but have a precedence relationship in terms, of their origins. The different usages of yizhi are the depositions of yizhi in its diachronic development at different stages.