插穗处理方式及基质类型对油橄榄扦插生根的影响

Effect of different substrates and treatments on Olea europaea L.cuttage survival

为了完善昆明地区油橄榄扦插繁殖技术体系,采用54年生油橄榄上的萌条作为插穗,研究了油橄榄插穗下剪口修剪方式（平剪、45°单面、45°双面、45°4面）、扦插方式（直插深度1/2、2/3,斜插深度1/2、2/3）、5种不同类型基质（等体积珍珠岩与柏树林下土壤混合基质、等体积蛭石与泥炭土混合基质、等体积蛭石与柏树林下土壤混合基质、等体积柏树林下土壤与泥炭土混合基质和单纯柏树林下土壤）及生根剂（200 mg/L IBA＋1%根旺＋1%蔗糖）处理时间（1,2,3,4,5,6 h）对生根的影响。结果表明：下剪口修剪方式、扦插方式及基质类型对油橄榄萌条扦插生根率影响不显著,生根率会随着生根剂处理时间的延长而降低,生根剂处理以1~2 h为最佳,生根率76.0%以上。由此认为,以上述生根剂处理油橄榄插穗,影响促根主要因素是处理时间;另外,林下土壤可以适度开发利用,以降低扦插育苗的成本。

In order to improve Olea europaea L. cutting propagation technology in Kunming area, the influence of lower in- cision method （fiat cut, one-side 45° cut, two-side 45° cut and four-side 45° cut） , planting manners （upright planting with the depth of 1/2, 2/3; oblique planting with the depth of 1/2, 2/3 ） , 5 different suhstrates （equa/volume mixed me- diums of pedite and Cuypressus funebris forest soil, of vermiculite and peat soil, of vermiculite and C. funehr/s forest soil, C. funebris forest soil and peat soil, and pure C. funebriz forest soil） and treatment time （ 1,2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h） of rooting agent （200 mg/L IBA ＋ 1% Genwang ＋ 1% sucrose） on cuttagc rooting were studied using the sprouts from the 54- year-old tree as test material. Results showed that there occurred no significant difference in the outrage rooting ratio among different lower incision methods, planting manners and substrates. And the rooting ratio was reduced with the agent treat- ment time＇ s prolonging, the best rooting ratio （ more than 76.0% ） appeared with the treatment duration of 1 - 2 h. So we concluded that the major impact factor of cuttage survival was the duration time of the above-mentioned rooting agent. And the C. funebris forest soil could be used as cutting substrate to reduce the investment cost.