上帝的石头与凯撒的面包——从三组概念浅析《宗教大法官》中涉及的人性

The Stone of God and the Bread of Caesar:Using Three Couples of Concepts to Analysis the Human Nature in “The Religious Judge”

《宗教大法官》与"四福音书"中的互文性是陀思妥耶夫斯基以隐喻功能书写的人性问题。信仰与理性、自由与专制、现实利益与永恒理想是陀思妥耶夫斯基论述人性的三个维度。信仰与理性的对立点是人性的物质欲望,自由与专制的矛盾是人性的自由权利,现实利益与永恒理想的对立处则是人的精神追求。《宗教大法官》在"复调"的表层下,隐藏着陀思妥耶夫斯基对于人性需要依靠信仰的价值判断。

Intertextuality of＂The Religious Judge＂and＂Four Gospels＂is based on the metaphorical writing of Dostoyevsky about hu-man nature. Faith and reason, freedom and tyranny, and practical interest and the eternal ideal are three dimensions of Dostoyevsky about humanity. Opposition between faith and reason is human material desire;contradiction between freedom and tyranny is human free rights;the antithesis of practical interest and the eternal ideal is the human spiritual pursuit. Hidden under the subsurface of the＂polyphony＂is Dostoyevsky＆#39;s value judgment of human nature that relies on faith.