中国群体性事件的社会功能及其正向引导——对科塞社会冲突论本土化的辩证

The Mass Incidents' Social Function and Positive Guidance in China——Discussion on the Localization of Coser's Social Conflict Theory

借鉴西方理论研究中国问题,为加强中外学术交流交融、分析解决现实问题提供了重要助力。但受地域、人文、传统差异的限制,外来理论实现"本土化"是实现正确借鉴的重要前提。当前,在国内群体性事件时有发生的大背景下,在刘易斯·科塞的社会冲突理论引介于中国实践研究过程中,必须加以辩证,既要认识到其"正功能论"前提假设多、过于注重权力要素、理论体系不完备、部分命题有失偏颇的不足,还要看到对冲突原因的多维分析、冲突类型的科学划分、冲突突破底线的警示等重要现实启示。进而辨析当前我国群体性事件具有避免社会矛盾激化、畅通民意表达渠道、推进社会制度变革和产生社会治安问题、形成不良示范效应、累积社会负面心理的正负双重功能。对此,要在推进制度化管理、把握矛盾焦点、注重多措并举等几个方面消解社会冲突负功能,加强正向功能引导。

Applying western theory to research problems in China is helpful to strengthen the Chinese and foreign academic exchanges and to solve practical problems. But because of geographical, cultural and traditional differences, localization of foreign theory is the important premise. At present, in the context of that domestic mass incidents occur frequently, Lewis Coser＇ s social conflict theory must be analyzed when being introduced into China＇ s practice. It is necessary to recognize the positive features： excessive assumptions, overmuch emphasis on the power, non-perfect of the theoretical system and some propositions beneath less biased. The multi-dimensional analysis of the causes of conflict, the dipartition of conflict types, the alerts of breakthrough conflict＇ s bottom line are very important and helpful. The mass incidents have dual function of positive and negative, such as avoiding social conflicts, smoothing channels for expressing public opinion, promoting social system change and producing social security cases, forming negative demonstration effect, cumulating negative social psychology. So, we must remove the negative function of social conflicts and strengthen the positive guidance in promoting institutional management, grasping the focus of conflict and taking all types of measure.