西方艺术“生命形式”论的理论价值

The Theoretical Significance of the“Living Forms”in Western Arts

艺术"生命形式"范畴是个开放的体系,它以形式为本体,把作品看作一个"活的"有机的生命体,既继承了形式主义美学重视作品自身的本体论研究,又避免了形式主义在艺术和文学上机械分析的认识论思维模式。在艺术符号学的生命形式中,既体现了人本主义对人的主体性和能动性的重视,又有科学主义的逻辑理性精神,是这两大思潮的最初融合。它以作品为中心,同时兼顾到艺术家、欣赏者和世界等因素,扭转了传统的艺术批评模式,开创了"辐射型"的艺术批评范式,为后现代多元化的批评范式提供了先例。这些思想在西方文论史上具有重要的理论价值,今天对于中国文学理论的建设有重要的启示意义。

With form as its ontological basis, the domain of artistic ＂living forms＂ is an open system that regards works as ＂living＂ organic beings and inherits the ontologieal study of formalistic aesthetics to highlight the works themselves while avoids its mechanical epistemological model in analyzing arts and literature. The semiotic living forms of arts integrate the subjectivity and initiative of humanism and the rational logic of scientism. It centers on the works in consideration of the factors, such as, the artists, appreciators and the outside world by reversing the traditional artistic critical model and launching a ＂radiant＂ one that sets a precedent for the postmodern multi - critical paradigm. These thoughts are of high theoretical significance in western literary theories and of great reference to construct contemporary Chinese literary theory.