碱处理开纤工艺对海岛型超细纤维革材料性能的影响

Effects of Alkali Deweighting Technology Splitting Process on Properties of Sea-Island Ultrafine Fiber Leather

采用三因素三水平正交试验方法研究碱减量工艺中NaOH溶液浓度、处理时间和处理温度对海岛型超纤革失重率、撕裂强力和压缩弹性的影响,并对材料开纤前后的结构形貌变化进行观察,分析开纤工艺对其性能的影响。结果表明,碱液浓度对于超纤革开纤程度和性能影响最为显著,材料的撕裂强力随着开纤程度的提高呈上升趋势,压缩弹性则呈下降趋势。通过扫描电镜和压缩曲线进一步分析,可知开纤后超细纤维束内的单根超细纤维间的抱合和摩擦力的改变是造成以上变化的主要原因。在工艺参数为30g/L,85℃,10min条件下,可得综合性能和风格较为优异的超纤革材料。

In order to investigate effects of NaOH solution concentration, treatment time and temperature in alkali deweighting technology on weight loss ratio, tear strength and compression elasticity of sea-island ultrafine fiber leather, three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was adopted, and structure and morphology changes before and after material splitting were observed. Influence of splitting technology on the properties was analyzed. The results show that alkali liquor concentration has most significant influence on splitting degree and properties of ultralfine fiber leather. Tear strength presents the rising trend as splitting degree improves, while elasticity of compression shows the falling trend. Through further analysis of scanning electron microscope and compression curve, it is known that after splitting, the changes in friction and cohesive force among single ultrafine fiber in ultrafine fiber bundle are the main causes. Under such conditions as 30 g/L, 85℃ and 10 min, ultrafine fiber leather with excellent combination property and style can be gained.