宜昌市公民无偿献血动机分析及应对策略

Motivations and Strategies of Voluntary Unpaid Blood Donation among Yichang Citizens

目的:调查宜昌市公民无偿献血动机,分析其影响因素,制定针对性的应对策略。方法:在宜昌市城区及所属县市区7个固定采血点采取偶遇抽样法,对无偿献血者及同时间段内经过献血点且年龄符合献血要求的未献血者进行现场问卷调查。结果:利他主义、获得荣誉、享受用血优待是促进人们参加无偿献血的主要原因;抽不出时间、怕痛和担心献血影响身体、亲友的阻止等因素是阻碍人们献血的主要原因。结论:针对公民献血动机多元化的特点,建立科学的无偿献血招募体系,巩固积极动机的激励作用,消除和减弱消极动机,制定出科学合理的应对策略,以满足日益增长的临床用血需求。

Objective： Exploring the influencing factors through an investigation on Yichang citizens＇ motivations of voluntary unpaid blood donation, then we establish the targeted coping strategy.Methods： At seven different blood -donating stations in urban areas and counties of Yichang, we occasionally selected voluntary blood donors and the passing pedestrians which were suitable for blood donation and did not donate during the same time period to do the investigation by questionnaires.Result：The survey shows that the main reasons why people would do blood donation are altruism, gain honor and the preferential treatment in blood, and the main reasons which prevent people from donating blood would be： lack of time, fear of pain, worry about health influenced by blood donation and the stop from relatives and friends.Conclusion：According to the diversification of the citizens＇ blood donation motivations, we must build a scientific recruitment system of voluntary unpaid blood donation to consolidate the incentive effect of positive motivation and eliminate the negative motivation , and also work out a scientific and reasonable strategy to satisfy the increasing demand of clinical blood use.