传统渔民用海权公益损害困境解析

Solution to the public welfare infringement plight of the traditional fishermen maritime right of use

海洋具有资源多样性和功能多宜性等特征,资源多样性决定了海洋利用方式的多样化,功能多宜性则意味着各种用海权之间的并存可能。凭籍公共利益的依仗,各类公益性用海不断侵犯传统渔民用海权,但囿于"法律身份"上的先天不足,后者陷入屡遭侵犯却又诉求无门的困境之中。法律地位不明确、行政权任意扩张、执法监督力度不足、救济渠道不畅是导致传统渔民用海权公益侵害困境的主要原因,应厘定传统渔民用海权的权利边界和法律效力,规范行政决策和审批程序,改革海洋行政执法体制,完善法律救济渠道,为维护传统渔民的合法权益提供全方位保障。

It＇s a normal state for a kind of sea area use right to coexist with another In the field of marine exploitation and utilization. The traditional fishermen maritime right of use is running into trouble owing to deficiency of the ＂legal identity＂ with the traditional fishing sea area was encroached upon and the fishing time restricted by the Marine public utility construction under the hard shell of public interests. The ambiguity of legal effect, expansion of administrative power, lack of law enforcement supervision and poor relief channels are the main reasons of the public welfare infringement plight of the traditional fishermen maritime right of use. Some work should be done for the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of traditional fishermen such as perfecting the legal norms, regulating the administrative power, improving administrative law enforcement, strengthening technical support, expanding relief channels and so on.