换热器管板带极堆焊的变形控制

Deformation and control about heat exchanger tube sheet welding

管板带极堆焊时由于堆焊层厚度大,易产生应力集中。焊接操作不当极易造成管板的超标变形,使得管板不符合加工要求,如何控制焊接变形成为管板堆焊最大的难题。分析管板堆焊时焊接变形产生的原因,通过采取增加刚性拘束和调整焊接工艺的方法来控制管板的变形量和变形方向,在改良后的堆焊过程中,管板变形方向和变形量得到有效控制,焊后经检验发现管板的尺寸完全符合设计要求,残余应力也在双面堆焊过程中得到有效释放。

The layer thickness is big when surfacing a tube sheet welding,it’s easy to produce stress concentration. Improper operation of welding is easy to cause the excessive deformation of tube plate,and makes the tube plate do not conform to the requirements of the processing,therefore,how to control the welding deformation becomes one of the biggest problems of tube sheet welding. This paper analyzes the cause of welding deformation when the tube sheet welding,by adopting increasing rigid constraint and adjusting the method to control the welding process control direction of tube plate deformation quantity and deformation.In the process of improved after welding,direction of tube plate deformation and deformation are under control,the inspection will find that the size of the tube plate after welding fully accords with the design requirements,and residual stress has been released in the process of double-sided welding.