不同墙体材料日光温室的保温性能

Thermal insulation performances of straw bale wall and soil wall in greenhouse

为明确秸秆块墙体日光温室和土墙体日光温室的保温性能,本文以秸秆块墙体日光温室和土墙体日光温室为研究对象,分析了两种墙体结构温室中墙体温度、土壤温度、室内空气温度分布以及晴天和阴天时空气温度变化。结果显示,厚度0.6 m的秸秆块墙体日光温室与平均墙厚4.0 m土墙体日光温室相比,晴天时温室内空气温度和土壤温度差异不显著,清晨和阴天时秸秆块墙体温室内空气温度略低;秸秆块墙体内侧变温层厚度为15 cm,土墙体内侧变温层厚度为45 cm;秸秆块墙体日光温室中40 cm以内土壤层温度[(15.4±1.0)℃]与土墙体日光温室[(16.1±2.0)℃]无显著差异(P>0.05);夜间秸秆块墙体日光温室空气温度低于土墙体日光温室空气温度(P<0.05),白天两者差异不显著(P>0.05);试验期间,两种墙体结构日光温室中空气温度最低为8.2℃,能满足常规蔬菜反季节栽培对设施保温性能的要求。

Two kinds of solar greenhouses, one with straw-bale wall and another with soil wall, were studies to com- pare the thermal insulation of both greenhouses. The greenhouse with 0. 6-m-thick straw-bale wall had close air and soil temperatures to those in the greenhose with a 4. 0-m-thick soil wall in sunny days, while the air temperature in straw-bale wall greenhouse was a little lower than that in soil wall greenhouse in cloudy days. The metalimnion inside north wall was only 15 cm for straw-bale wall, while it was 45 cm for soil wall. The soil temperatures 40 cm below ground were （ 15.4±1.0） ℃ for straw-bale wall and （16.1±2.0） ℃ for soil wall greenhouse; the difference was not significant （P〉 0. 05）. The average air temperature in the two greenhouse also had no significant difference at day time, but was a slightly lower than that in soil wall greenhouse at night（ P〈 0. 05）. The lowest air temperature in the experiment was 8.2 ℃ for the two kinds of greenhouse, which can satisfy the growth of anti-season vegetables.