摘要
为了提高深空探测在巡航段的导航能力，提出一种基于x射线脉冲星的深空导航方法。介绍了x射线脉冲星导航原理和测量噪声特性，通过位置精度因子（Positioning Dilution of Precision, PDOP）和脉冲星优选指标（Pulsars SeletCriteria, PSC）对导航脉冲星组合进行选择，同时考虑了脉冲星几何构型和测量误差对导航精度的影响。以火星探测任务为背景，建立深空航天器轨道动力学模型，以x射线脉冲到达时间为量测量，利用扩展Kalman滤波（Extend KalmanFilter, EKF）进行状态估计，仿真验证了基于x射线脉冲星的深空导航方法的可行性与有效性。
In order to improve the navigation ability of deep space exploration in cruise, a deep space navigation based on X-ray pulsars is proposed. The X-ray pulsars navigation principle and measurement noise characteristics are explained. Using the PDOP （Positioning Dilution of Precision） and PSC （Pulsars Selet Criteria）, which considers both the influence of the pulsars＇ geometry configuration and the measurement noise,the selection of the pulsars can be compared. Using the pulse time-of-arrival （TOA） as the measurement, and using the orbit dynamic model of the spacecraft as the state equation, we adopt the extended Kalman filter （EKF） to estimate the system state. The simulation results demonstrate that the deep space navigation based on X-ray pulsars is feasible and effective
