窃听、窃照专用器材立法完善思考

On Perfecting Legislation of Special Equipment for Eavesdropping or Secret Photographing

非法使用窃听、窃照专用器材屡禁不止,对公众隐私、国家安全和公共秩序造成了严重侵害。究其原因,现有的法律制裁体系存在漏洞,惩戒力度不足,相关法律之间存在冲突。面对当前愈演愈烈的犯罪形势,有必要重新检视立法的相关规定,完善法律制裁体系。破解这一难题,首先,应当完善刑事制裁,修订《刑法》第283条和284条的相关规定,提升法定刑的幅度,增加罚金刑;其次,应将非法生产、使用和销售间谍专用器材以及非法生产、使用和销售窃听、窃照专用器材的行为纳入《治安管理处罚法》的调整范畴,同时,还应当探索对可能用于窃听、窃照的专用器材设定行政许可的可行性。

Illegal use of eavesdropping or secret photographing special equipment cause serious violations to public privacy, national security and public order. The bans never work. The reasons are listed as follows. There are loopholes in the existing system of legal sanctions. The retribution is insufficient and there are conflicts in the relevant laws. Confronting with the current criminal flood, it is essential to re-examine the relevant provisions of legislation and perfect the system of legal sanctions. The primary measure to solve the problem is to perfect criminal sanctions through amending the relevant provisions of section 283 and 284 of the criminal law to widen the magnitude of law and increase penalty. Furthermore, the illegal manufacture, use and sale of special equipment espionage and illegal production, sale and use eavesdropping or secret photographing special equipment should be included in the Security Administration Punishment Law adjustment category. At the meanwhile, it is also necessary to explore the feasibility of setting administrative license for special equipment that can be used for eavesdropping or secret photographing.